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Angola is the Louisiana State Penitentiary and is estimated to be one of the largest prisons in the U.S. with 5,000 inmates and over 1,000 staff. Located on an 18,000 acre (73 kmﾲ) plantation close to the Mississippi border, it is surrounded on three sides by the Mississippi River , making flooding a constant menace. The land that has become Angola Penitentiary was purchased by Isaac Franklin from Francis Routh during the 1830s with the profits from his slave trading firm, Armfield and Franklin , of Alexandria, Virginia and Natchez, Mississippi as four contiguous plantations. [ citation needed ] These plantations, Panola, Belle View, Killarney and Angola, were joined during their sale by Franklin's widow, Adelicia Hayes, to Samuel Lawrence James in 1880 . Samuel James ran the plantation using convicts leased from the State of Louisiana . The State of Louisiana only assumed full control in 1901 . In 1916 to save money, all the guards were fired, and selected inmates were used as trustees, a system which led to a great deal of abuse. [ citation needed ] By the 1950s, Angola had degenerated to become one of the very worst prisons in the U.S. [ citation needed ] In 1952 , 31 inmates cut their Achilles' tendons in protest of the hard work and brutality (referred to as the Heel String Gang.) In 1972 , a reforming director of corrections was appointed by Governor Edwin Edwards , and the U.S. courts ordered Louisiana to clean up Angola once and for all. Successive wardens have continued the improvements, and Angola is now regarded as a showcase among U.S. penal establishments. [ citation needed ] Current Warden Burl Cain maintains an open-door policy with the media, which led to the production of the award winning documentary The Farm . Films such as Dead Man Walking and Monster's Ball were partly filmed in Angola. [ citation needed ] Indeed, Angola is still run as a working farm, and Cain once said that the key to running a peaceful maximum security prison was that "you've got to keep the inmates working all day so they're tired at night." Angola is also the place of confinement of the Angola 3 , one of whom was freed in 1991 after 30 years in solitary and two of whom have been in solitary confinement for 35 years, a form of punishment to which the Eighth Amendment is not considered to apply. [1] [2] The prison hosts a rodeo every April and October, and its inmates produce the award winning magazine The Angolite , available to the general public and free to publish whatever it chooses. [ citation needed ] There is also a museum which features among its exhibits Louisiana's old electric chair , " Gruesome Gertie ", last used for the execution of Andrew Lee Jones on 22 July 1991 . It has been noted that because of the large number of prisoners serving very long sentences, of every 6 men who enter the penitentiary, only 1 lives to walk out alive.

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