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Las Cruces is a city in Do￱a Ana County , New Mexico , United States . As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 74,267. The population was 82,671 as of the 2005 census estimate, making it the second largest city in the state. Las Cruces is the center of an agricultural region irrigated by the Rio Grande , which flows just west of the city. The city of Las Cruces bisects the fertile Mesilla Valley , the flood plain of the Rio Grande river which extends from Hatch, New Mexico to the west side of El Paso, Texas. Las Cruces is also the home of New Mexico State University . NMSU is New Mexico's only land grant university , citing more than 23,000 graduate and undergraduate students on the main campus and four branch campuses. The Organ Mountains are to the east of the city. Las Cruces has a mayor-council form of government with a city manager. It is the county seat of Do￱a Ana County GR6 . Las Cruces is home to the annual Whole Enchilada Fiesta . The fiesta's main attraction is the creation of a very large (on average 10 feet in diameter) flat red enchilada by local restaurant owner Roberto Estrada. The fiesta offers live music, rides, food vendors, and other attractions typical of fairs . The Southern New Mexico State Fair is usually held only a few days after the end of the Whole Enchilada Fiesta. The fiesta's mascot, "Twefie" (taken from the abbreviation of the fiesta's name) is a large red chile pepper wearing a sombrero . At the 2004 event, Guinness World Records confirmed that Estrada had made the world's largest flat enchilada. (There was a pre-existing record for world's longest rolled enchilada, but not for world's largest flat enchilada.)In honor of the chile crop of New Mexico, the state has adopted "Red or Green" as its official state question to specify which type of chile is more spicy that season. Las Cruces' name ( Spanish for "the crosses") has been a disputed topic among historians. One of the many folklore tales is that in 1830 , there was an Apache massacre of a party of nine travelers, including a Mexican Army General, a priest, and five (or four) choir boys. Only one choir boy survived the massacre, and buried the others, marking the graves with crosses, according to the story that "Tio" Tuse￱o told tourists for a handout. According to one of the folktales, the area became known as "El Pueblo del Jard￭n de Las Cruces" ("The Village of the Garden of the Crosses"). A lawsuit filed seeking the removal of three crosses from the city's seal [1] has been dismissed [2] . The nearby village of Mesilla was founded in 1848 by settlers from Do￱a Ana , a village just north of the newly established U.S.-Mexico border , who wished to stay in Mexican territory after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo that year. In 1853 , the region was incorporated into the United States with the Gadsden Purchase . Las Cruces was incorporated as a town in 1907 . The completion of the Elephant Butte Dike to the north of the city in 1916 provided water for agriculture and electricity for urban development. Since World War II the growth of the nearby White Sands Missile Range and its National Aeronautics and Space Administration facilities added greatly to the local economy. In 1982 , Las Cruces became the see of the a new Roman Catholic Diocese , " Diocese of Las Cruces ", which encompasses the southern half of the state and is a suffragan of Santa Fe .

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